ALL ABOUT SUBSTANCES

1. MATTER- living and non-living things
2. Non-living things: pure and mixtures.
3. Pure: elements and compounds; 
4. Elements: metals ,gold,silver copper aluminium
5. Non-metals: oxygen hydrogen,carbon
6. Metalloids:

   NUMBER	SYMBOL	ELEMENT
   5	B	Boron
   14	Si	Silicon
   32	Ge	Germanium
   33	As	Arsenic
   51	Sb	Antimony
   52	Te	Tellurium
   84	Po	Polonium

7. Inert gases: helium,neon, argon
8.  Mixtures: Homogeneous, Heterogeneous
9. Substance:Pure: made up of only one kind of molecule
10. Mixtures: Combination of two or more elements separated out by physical techniques -filteration
11. compounds-formed from two or more elements chemically united  in fixed proportion-water -H2O
12. Metal: elements,malleable, ductile,sonorous -good conductors of heat and electricity.Iron
13.  Alloys: Homogeneous mixtures of two or more metals or non-metals to improve properties- steel-iron + carbon.
14. Components distributed evenly-Homogeneous mixture- salt solution
15. Two or more unevenly mixed components- Heterogeneous mixtures- sand and water, sandwich
16.  Simple substance made up of only one kind of atoms-cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical methods.ELEMENTS.
17. 
    

ALL ABOUT CLOTHING.

1. Fibre:Loose thinner strands of a thread.
2. Natural fibres: got from plants and animals.
3. Synthetic/artificial fibres: obtained from chemical substances or man made chemical.
4. Fabric: Materials made by knitting or weaving , natural or artificial fibres for  making curtains, clothes. etc.,
5.  Yarn: thread spun for making clothes,
6. Ginning: sorting out seeds from cotton fibres.
7. Spinning:process of twisting the fibres to make thread.
8. Weaving:  process of interlacing two or various sets of threads to form cloth or fabric.
9. Loom: machine used for weaving cloth.
10. Knitting: process of converting the single thread or yarn into cloth.
11. Cotton bolls: Cotton flowers containing seeds and fibre.
12. Carding: Raw cotton pulled apart and cleaned for removing dust and impurities.
13. Combing; Cleaned cotton fibres .straightened and making into soft untwisted strands .
14. Handloom: Hand operated machine for weaving.
15. Wool: soft fine hair covering the body of the goat,sheep or other animals.
16. Silk: soft thread produced by silk worms.
17. Silkworm: Larve or caterpillar  of silk moth (Bomby xMori )producing silk thread.
18. Cocoon: Outer covering of silk thread of the silkworm spins around itself for protection to become the insect.
19. Jute: fibre from Patsun used for making rope, sacks and coarse cloth.
20. Fleece: Woollen coat of a sheep or goat removed by Shearing.
21. Shearing: Cutting the wool of  the sheep using special clipper.
22. Sericulture: Raising of silkworms for production of raw silk.
23. Rettig: Separation of fibres from stem (Jute) using bacterial action and moisture on plants.
24. Cotton gins: machine with roller fitted for separating seeds from other fibres.
25. Takli: thin pointed piece of wood used for spinning fibres into threads using hand.
26. Charka: simple machine for spinning fibres having a large wheel operated with hand or feet.
27. Jute: sacks.bags, wall hangings jewellery wrappings.
28. Uses of cotton: cotton fabric, clothes, pillows and quilts( as fillers) Surgical bandages.
29. Spinning: Takli(Hand spindle)
30. Charka: Spinning wheel
31. Industrial spinning machine
32. Plant fibres: Coir- ropes,mats
33. Flax- paper.linen
34. Hemp- nets, carpets,ropes, clothes
35. cotton- mattress, clothes,pillows.
36. Silk- clothes socks sacks
37. Fabric from cotton:
38. cotton bolls- ginning- cotton fibres- seeds- spinning- yarn- knitting- weaving- fabric.
39. Weaving: handloom.powerloom.