ALL ABOUT SUBSTANCES

1. MATTER- living and non-living things
2. Non-living things: pure and mixtures.
3. Pure: elements and compounds; 
4. Elements: metals ,gold,silver copper aluminium
5. Non-metals: oxygen hydrogen,carbon
6. Metalloids:

   NUMBER	SYMBOL	ELEMENT
   5	B	Boron
   14	Si	Silicon
   32	Ge	Germanium
   33	As	Arsenic
   51	Sb	Antimony
   52	Te	Tellurium
   84	Po	Polonium

7. Inert gases: helium,neon, argon
8.  Mixtures: Homogeneous, Heterogeneous
9. Substance:Pure: made up of only one kind of molecule
10. Mixtures: Combination of two or more elements separated out by physical techniques -filteration
11. compounds-formed from two or more elements chemically united  in fixed proportion-water -H2O
12. Metal: elements,malleable, ductile,sonorous -good conductors of heat and electricity.Iron
13.  Alloys: Homogeneous mixtures of two or more metals or non-metals to improve properties- steel-iron + carbon.
14. Components distributed evenly-Homogeneous mixture- salt solution
15. Two or more unevenly mixed components- Heterogeneous mixtures- sand and water, sandwich
16.  Simple substance made up of only one kind of atoms-cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical methods.ELEMENTS.
17. 
    

ALL ABOUT CLOTHING.

1. Fibre:Loose thinner strands of a thread.
2. Natural fibres: got from plants and animals.
3. Synthetic/artificial fibres: obtained from chemical substances or man made chemical.
4. Fabric: Materials made by knitting or weaving , natural or artificial fibres for  making curtains, clothes. etc.,
5.  Yarn: thread spun for making clothes,
6. Ginning: sorting out seeds from cotton fibres.
7. Spinning:process of twisting the fibres to make thread.
8. Weaving:  process of interlacing two or various sets of threads to form cloth or fabric.
9. Loom: machine used for weaving cloth.
10. Knitting: process of converting the single thread or yarn into cloth.
11. Cotton bolls: Cotton flowers containing seeds and fibre.
12. Carding: Raw cotton pulled apart and cleaned for removing dust and impurities.
13. Combing; Cleaned cotton fibres .straightened and making into soft untwisted strands .
14. Handloom: Hand operated machine for weaving.
15. Wool: soft fine hair covering the body of the goat,sheep or other animals.
16. Silk: soft thread produced by silk worms.
17. Silkworm: Larve or caterpillar  of silk moth (Bomby xMori )producing silk thread.
18. Cocoon: Outer covering of silk thread of the silkworm spins around itself for protection to become the insect.
19. Jute: fibre from Patsun used for making rope, sacks and coarse cloth.
20. Fleece: Woollen coat of a sheep or goat removed by Shearing.
21. Shearing: Cutting the wool of  the sheep using special clipper.
22. Sericulture: Raising of silkworms for production of raw silk.
23. Rettig: Separation of fibres from stem (Jute) using bacterial action and moisture on plants.
24. Cotton gins: machine with roller fitted for separating seeds from other fibres.
25. Takli: thin pointed piece of wood used for spinning fibres into threads using hand.
26. Charka: simple machine for spinning fibres having a large wheel operated with hand or feet.
27. Jute: sacks.bags, wall hangings jewellery wrappings.
28. Uses of cotton: cotton fabric, clothes, pillows and quilts( as fillers) Surgical bandages.
29. Spinning: Takli(Hand spindle)
30. Charka: Spinning wheel
31. Industrial spinning machine
32. Plant fibres: Coir- ropes,mats
33. Flax- paper.linen
34. Hemp- nets, carpets,ropes, clothes
35. cotton- mattress, clothes,pillows.
36. Silk- clothes socks sacks
37. Fabric from cotton:
38. cotton bolls- ginning- cotton fibres- seeds- spinning- yarn- knitting- weaving- fabric.
39. Weaving: handloom.powerloom.

How to Study?

1.Keep all your books and note books in one place.
2.Make it a habit to sit in one place.
3.Get the habit of getting early.
4.Keep all the books in the bag.
5.Take only the book and the note book which
you have to study.
6.Read completely in a proper manner
Each paragraph quickly.
7.Read it now again,mark the important
Points and paras.
8.Understand what you read. If not find out
what is it that you don't understand.
9.Ask your teacher and get help.
10.If the teacher is not available
Refer to the dictionary.
11.Make use of the school library.
12. If the school library/librarian not
available when you really want,
go to any good public library.
And refer to all relevant books.
13.Still you find it difficult
go to Search Engines Google or Yahoo
orIndiae.in
14. Still you need help contact me
through e-mail gnr1932@gmail.com
I will try to help you after
knowing your difficulties.